An early identification of allergen and then complete avoidance of those allergens is essential.
Food allergy can turn fatal, especially in children, if left untreated, because the body’s immune system considers the proteins and complex carbohydrates present in the food as foreign. Further, children are much more vulnerable to food allergies than adults as the allergies fade away by adulthood. As children grow older, they outgrow some of the allergies as their immune system matures. Also, the allergens are identified in childhood and then the person learns to avoid those as an adult.
Food allergy or intolerance, which can cause symptoms
ranging from a harmless skin rash to a potentially lethal anaphylactic shock,
are estimated to affect four to six per cent of children and four per cent of
adults, as per study of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
(CDC).
It is only in rare cases that one can get a severe
allergic response to any food allergen. Food items like cheese have other
ingredients which may have caused severe allergic reaction. Commonly mild
allergy, however, does not cause such severe reactions. According to the US
Food and Drug Administration (FDA), there are eight foods that are common for
allergic reactions in a large segment of the sensitive population. These
include, peanuts, tree nuts, eggs, milk, shellfish, fish, wheat and their
derivatives, soy and their derivatives, and sulphites (chemical-based, often
found in flavours and colours in foods) at 10 parts per million (ppm) and over.
These can cause several types of allergies such as
skin manifestations which include rashes, swelling and itching, respiratory symptoms including wheezing, bronchospasm and choking and gastrointestinal
symptoms including cramping, vomiting and diarrhoea. Some also cause low bloodpressure which manifests as light-headedness, dizziness or even a fainting
spell.
Allergy to any food item may cause bronchial secretions, which can lead to bronchospasm — a sudden constriction of the
muscles in the walls of the bronchioles in the respiratory tract. As a result,
the patient experiences choking and breathing difficulty, which, if not treated
timely, may increase the risk of death.
However, allergies are not just hereditary but may be
related to gender, according to recent research published in the Journal of
Allergy and Clinical Immunology. The study revealed that the genetic risk of a
child having allergies doubles if the parent of the same sex is an allergy
sufferer. Thus, mothers pass the risk of allergies to their daughters, as do fathers
to their sons.
Moreover, food allergies can worsen other conditions
such as asthma and diabetes. If a patient already has other allergy-linked
conditions like asthma, then the impact of food allergy can be more life threatening.
PRECAUTION TO BE TAKEN:
v An early identification of allergen and then complete
avoidance of those allergens is essential. As there is no cure to food allergy,
the only way to prevent it is not to eat that food item. The allergy can be
confirmed by skin-prick tests and/or bloods tests to measure the allergy
antibodies.
v Because fatal and near-fatal food allergy reactions
can occur at school or other places outside the home, parents of a child with
food allergies need to make sure that their child’s school has a written
emergency action plan. The plan should provide instructions on preventing, recognizing
and managing food allergies and should be available in the school and during
activities such as sporting events and field trips, experts suggested.
v However, if any allergic item is consumed, the patient
should be immediately rushed to the hospital. No drug should be taken without a
doctor’s prescription as the drug may also have allergic reaction.
Comments